Pulverizing apparatus for solid fuels



Jan. 17, 1928. 1,656,862

G, S. LOY

PULVERIZING APPARATUS FOR SOLID FUELS Filed NOV. 22, 1922 2 Sheets-Shet 1- Fig. 3

Fig. 2

//\/I/E rope aemye s lvin L y //mwiuw A7702? EL S Jan. 17, 1928. 1,656,862 G. s. LO Y PULVERIZING APPARATUS FOR SOLID FUELS Filed Nov. 22, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 3 Ila/215L 01: Geo/3'6 5 618 03 Patented Jan. 17, 1928. 1,656,862

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

rULvnnIz'ING nrrnnnzros non SOLID FUELS.

Application filed November 22, 1822, Serial No. 602,560, and in France December 6, 1921.

This invention relates to an apparatus for. paratus according to-one mode of carrying the pulverization of a solid fuel and the feeding of the said fuel into any furnace n mixture with the quantity of air which is suitable for ensuring its complete combus-.

tion.

In certain known devices of this kind, a pulverizer is generally arranged having hammers and comprising a fan mounted on the same shaft, the pulverizing members being distinctly separated from the fan.

In these arrangements, the variations of the output are obtained by acting in a suitable manner upon the coal distributor and by adjusting separately the inlet of air serving for the combustion.

It follows that for each change in the working conditions, the person in charge of the apparatus has to act separately upon several members for obtaining a combustion which shall be as perfect as possible. ,This very delicate operation which is frequently repeated, is often very badly carried out by the said person so that the profit which should result from the utilization of such an apparatus, is often lost.

The arrangement according to the present invention, does away with the above. drawbacks, and hasfor its object more particularly to construct an apparatus in which one member alone operates at the same time the air delivery and the delivery of the pulverized coal, in such a manner as to render the combustion perfect whatever the working conditions may be, without the person in charge having to intervene.

I Furthermore, according to the present invention, the pulverizing members and the ventilating members form one whole which may be mounted upon an easily accessible part in such a manner as to render their inspection easier whilst considerably reducing the space occupied by the apparatus.

The invention is more particularly charac terized by the fact that the pulverizatio'n devices and those for the supply of the combustion air are combined in one member, a suitable device allowing to maintain a strictly constant proportion of pulverized coal and 50 air supplied for its combustion.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate by way of examplea pulverizing apthe invention into eflect:

} Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the apparatus,

Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, and Fig. 3 is a vertical, aXial section, Fig. 4 is an axial section of another form of construction of the apparatus,

Fig. 5 shows a stationary stone, Fig. 6 is a cross-section along line 66 of Fig. 5, I v

Figure 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Figure 8 of the movable stone. Figure 8 is a face view of said stone. Figure 9-is a perspective view of the apparatus. Figure 10 is a sectional view of the hinged part of the casing and the pulverizing and ventilating means carried thereby.

' The pulverizing member comprises a circulurdisc 1 provided on one of its faces with pulverizing studs or pins 2 and blades 2, and on its opposite face with blades 3 of the fan, the blades projecting the crushed coal upon corundum lining 9 for pulverizing such coal. The Whole is keyed on the inner end of a shaft 4 carried by suitable bearings 5 and provided at its outer end with a driving member such as a pulley 6.

-The whole is arranged inside a casing of suitable shape, one half of which 7 surrounding the pulverizing members, has a cylindroconical shape, whilst the other half 8 has the shape of an ordinary fan casing. This oylindro-conical part is provided with an annular lining 9 consisting of a suitable abrasive material such as corundum. The part 8 of the casing has a suction chamber 10 for the fan.

On the opposite side from the chamber 10 is a suitably arranged circular member 11 supporting the bearings 5 and having a channel 12 for feeding fuel into the apparatus.

The inner face of the said member 11 carries studs or pins 13 alternating with the studs 01 pins 2 of the blade 1' and the whole is mounted upon hinges such as 14 (Fig. 1) arranged in such a manner as to permitthe pivoting of the whole arrangement around an axis 15 thereby bringing the plate 11 and the whole pulverizing and ventilating arrangement carried thereby outside the ap paratus.

At the upper part of the apparatus is arranged a distributor comprising a conveying screw 16 mounted upon ashaft 17 driven from the shaft 4, through the intermediary of conical pulleys 18, 19 and of a belt 20 upon pulleys 18, 19 permitting to vary the speed of the conveying'screw 16 andconsequently the amount of fuel fed in. 'As shown the conical pulley 18 is driven from the shaft 4 by the belt a passing around the pulley 4: on the shaft 4 and the pulley 18*- on the conical pulley 18, and the conical pulley 19 has a pinion 19 meshing with the gear wheel 17 on the shaft 17 V An opening 23 for the inlet of secondary air is provided in the casing 21 in which the screw 16 is mounted and upon said casing is a feeding hopper 22. The opening 23 is controlled by a damper 24, to which is secured a nut 25 mounted upon the screwthreaded shaft 26 on which is also mounted a second nut 27 secured to the damper 28 which closes more or less the opening 29 for the inlet of the primary air to the suction chamber 10 of the fan 3. The nut 27 is secured upon a horizontal rod 30, on which is rigidly secured a fork 30 between the members of which passes the belt 20 on the conical pulleys 18 and 19, and by means of which the position of the belt on the said pulleys is controlled.

The screw-threaded rod 26 is provided with a handwheel 31, the operation of which permits of varying simultaneously the speed of the conveying screw 16 and the positions of the dampers 24 and 28 for the air inlets.

The working of the apparatus is as follows:

The hopper 22 being filled with fuel and the apparatus being started by means of any suitable motor, not illustrated, the said 'fuel is brought in a regular and continuous manner by the conveying screw 16 into the channel 12, from which it flows into the pulverizer, which through the intermediary of fixed studs or pins 13 and movable studs or pins 2, reduces it into a fine powder.

The action of the abrasive crown 9 made of corundum completes the said pulverization and grinds the coal intoan impalpable powder. The said powder escapes through the annular passage 32 (Fig. 3) provided between the blade 1 and the crown 9 and is mixed with air sucked in by the fan 3.

The spray of coal is thus parallel to the axis of the shaft 1, while the air sucked in by the fan, is projected by the latter in a direction perpendicular to the said shaft.

The two sprays meeting thus in directions which are perpendicular to each other, are mixed in an absolutely intimate manner and form a mixture of fuel and air, which is particularly suitable for the combustion.

The said mixture is compressed by the fan through any suitable piping 33 to the point where the combustion is to take place.

When it is desired to vary the s eed of the conveying screw 16, the handw eel 31 is acted upon in one direction or the other; the rotation of the screw-threaded shaft 26 causes a displacement of the belt 20 upon the conical pulleys 18 and 19, and varies simultaneously the amount of opening of the air dampers 24 and 28. The speed of feeding by the screw 16 varies thus and causes a variation in the delivery of the fuel whilst the quantities of air which are sucked in and mixed with the fuel vary in constant proportions whatever the speed of the apparatus may be.

It follows that the relative positions of the dampers and the forms and sections of the air inlet being adjusted once for all, and for a definite nature of the fuel, the combustion effected by the apparatus will be always perfect whatever the working condition of the furnace may be.

The dampers for the admission of air may have any desired arrangement permitting of their movement being rendered simultaneous.

The invention applies to the pulverization of substances of all kinds and for any applications. In Figs. 4 to 8, the stationary stone 1 replaces the stationary studs or fingers 1-3 of Figs. 1 to 3 and the movable stone 2 replaces the movable studs or flugers 2. The said movable stone carries any number of wings 3.

In the said constructional form, the fuel coming from the hopper 22 falls between the stones 1 and 2'. The wings 3 carry the same against the stone 1 where it is rapidly disintegrated. The delivery of coal dust takes place under the action of the centrifugal force developed by the wings 3 of the movable stone. The fineness of the dust produced is given by the distance of the stones apart. The said stones which are conveniently ground may be quite close to each other so as to reduce the coal to a very fine powder. Owing to the fact that the movable stone may be brought closer, it is easy to always have a very fine powder until a the stones are too badly worn.

What I claim is:

1. A pulverizing apparatus, comprising a casing having air inlets, ulverizing and suction means in the casing including a shaft. means for delivering the material to the oulverizing means, means for operating the delivering means from the shaft of the pulverizing and suction means, said means including conical pulleys and a belt thereon, dampers for controlling the air inlets of the casing, manually operated means for simultaneously operating the dampers, and a member carried by one of the damp ers and provided with a fork between the members of which the said belt passes.

2. A. pulverizing apparatus, comprising a casing having air inlet openings, pulverizing and suction means in the casing including a shaft, a screw for delivering the material to the pulverizing means, means for operating the screw from the shaft of the pulverizing and suction means, said means includprovided with a nut, a manually operated screw threaded rod engaging the nuts, and 10 a rod secured to one nut and provided with spaced members, between which the said belt passes. In testimony I have hereunto set my hand.

ing conical pulleys and a belt thereon, dampers for controlling the air inlets and each GEORGE 'SYLVIN LOY. 

